Treated pelvis: Scar versus recurrence

1. Gynecological Malignancies: Gynecological malignancies are common accounting for 10-15% of all female malignancies [Kehoe, 2006]. Gynecological cancers are usually treated by surgery, chemotherapy and/ or radiotherapy. The management of patients with malignant gynecological disease depends upon the grade and stage of the malignancy, as well as the organ of origin. In endometrial cancer, early stage and low grade disease is usually treated by surgery alone, whereas more advanced stages or grades are treated with a combination of surgery and radiotherapy. Patients with cervical cancer receive chemo-radiotherapy when tumours present with an advanced stage (2B or more), or exceed 4cm in maximal diameter irrespective of the stage. In ovarian cancer, chemotherapy has an important role in neoadjuvant therapy prior to surgery in nonresectable cases, and also in patients where optimal surgical resection has not been achieved.